原创
CSS边距重叠
什么是BFC
BFC (block formatting context) 及块级格式化上下文,从样式上看,具有 BFC 的元素与普通的容器没有什么区别,从功能上看,BFC相当于构建了一个密闭的盒子模型,在BFC中的元素不受外部元素的影响;
如何构建BFC
以下情况都会使元素产生BFC
- 根元素或其它包含它的元素 (也就是html元素本身就是BFC)
- float:left ,right
- position:absolute,fixed
- display:inline-block,table-cell,table-caption;(行内块元素与表格元素)
- overflow:hidden,auto,scroll (非 visible属性)
- display: flow-root
- column-span: all
BFC的作用
解决高度塌陷
由于浮动元素脱离了文档流,普通盒子是无法包裹住已经浮动的元素;父级元素的高度为0;
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer ">
<div style="float: left;"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
当子元素浮动 父级获取不到浮动元素的高度,造成高度塌陷
当父元素转变为BFC时,浮动元素被包裹住:
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
overflow: hidden; //转变为BFC
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer ">
<div style="float: left;"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
浮动重叠
当一个元素浮动,后面的元素没浮动,那么后面的元素就会与浮动元素发生重叠
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer ">
<div style="float: left;"></div>
<div ></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
后一个元素 与前一个浮动元素发生重叠
根据BFC不与浮动元素重叠的特性,为没有浮动的元素创建BFC环境
HTML
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer ">
<div style="float: left;"></div>
<div style="overflow: hidden;"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
边距重叠
边距重叠分为两种情况
父子重叠
当 父级没有
- 垂直方向的border,
- 垂直方向 padding,
- 父级不是内联元素,
- 父级不是BFC,
- 父级没有清除浮动,
这五个条件时,子元素的上下边距会和父级发生重叠
HTML
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer ">
<div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
解决办法:
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
/*padding: 1px;*/ 加padding
/*border: 1px solid yellow;*/ 加border
/*display: inline-block;*/ 内联块
/*overflow: hidden;*/ BFC
}
.clearfix:after{ 清除浮动
content: '';
display: table;
clear:both;
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer clearfix">
<div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
兄弟重叠
- 如果是正数比大小,大的覆盖小的
- 都为负数比绝对值大小,大的覆盖小的
- 正负都有取其差
1.将两个元素浮动 2.将两个元素display:inline-block
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
.outer {
background-color: #ccc;
width: 200px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.outer div{
width: 100px;
margin: 10px 20px;
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
/*下面两种方式*/
float: left;
display: inline-block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body >
<div class="outer ">
<div ></div>
<div ></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
期待你的捷足先登






